Individual Success and Importance of EI and CI - 1587 Words

There are number of factors that contribute to the success of an individual. These factors include but are not limited to emotional intelligence, cognitive intelligence, proactive personality and level of commitment. The topics of emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence are popular for the researchers in the last few decades (Rao 2006). There are number of notations and abbreviations used for both such as CI, IQ, EI and EQ. This essay will use the abbreviations of EI and CI for emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence respectively. Kreitner and Kinicki (2013) refer to EI as the ability to manage oneself and social relationships in mature and constructive ways. CI is another form of intelligence that represents the†¦show more content†¦EI comprises of those competencies that employees require to overcome such potential negative outcomes to positive organisational outcomes. Furnham, McClelland and Mansi (2012) conducted an interesting research which allows e mployees of the organisations to select their boss hypothetically on the basis of four factors (age, sex, EI and CI). Results of this survey show that there is no significant preference for gender or age of a boss but a strong preference for high EI and CI, with EI more powerful that CI. EI helps individuals to achieve job satisfaction by controlling their negative and positive emotions. Furthermore, personal and social competencies can be developed through EI skills such as self-awareness, self-management, social-awareness and relationship-management. Many researchers (Rao 2006) believe that professions with higher CI scores are not only successful individually but also have traditionally performed at the top level in all areas including business leadership. Colfax, Rivera and Perez (2010) negate this notion and illustrate that not all who have a high CI are successful neither not all those who are successful have a high CI. Bradberry and Grieves (2009) conduct a research and their calculations show that EI is â€Å"the single biggest predictor of performance inShow MoreRelatedProject Management and Innovation Past and Future4513 Words   |  19 PagesPrior to the protestant reformation most people saw work either as a necessary evil, or as a means to an end. For Protestants, serving God included participating in and working hard at worldly activities as this was part of God’s purpose for each individual. From the perspective of the evolution of modern project management, these ideas were incorporated into two key philoso phies, Liberalism and Newtonianism. 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John Locke Explains Economic Inequality - 844 Words

In his Second Treatise of Government, John Locke creates an argument that details how individuals attain private property and how some can end up with more property than others. He attempts to justify the resulting economic inequality, but is unsuccessful, failing to address many of the problematic issues that arise from his claim. Locke begins his explanation of private property by establishing how individuals come to possess property separate from the common resources of mankind. The defining feature of a piece of private property is labor, as the individual who performs the â€Å"labour that removes [the good] out of that common state nature left it in† makes the property his own (V. 30). According to Locke, the common resources of nature are open to all mankind, but a good becomes an individual’s own when a person performs some sort of labor on it. This stems from his idea that industry is an extension of self-ownership – people have natural rights of their own being, and extending these personal rights through work is how people come to own other things. Labor is what establishes ownership of a good, and as long as the amount of property taken is within a reasonable and modest amount, people are free to take what resources they must from the Earth. Although Locke argues in favor of the possession of private property, he emphasizes the point that it is â€Å"dishonest† for a man â€Å"to hoard up more than he could make use of† (V. 46). When people take property in excess, perishableShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke and Commercial Capitalism1697 Words   |  7 PagesPolitical philosopher John Locke ideas and theories serve as a foundation in our democratic world. In the Second Treatise of Government sovereignty is placed in the hands of the people. Locke argues that everyone is born equal and has natural rights in the state of nature. 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Corporate Accounting Business Responsebility and Activities

Question: Describe about the Corporate Accounting for Business Responsebility and Activities. Answer: 1. Part A [1]In the recent times, the increasing numbers of companies globally have led to the importance of issuing environment and social reporting for the increasing interest of corporate social responsibility activities initiatives taken by the company. It is often criticized that several companies are known to cause social problems and can bring animal in the environment through pollution, violation of workers right, depletion of resource and increased carbon emissions. The increasing attention of these issues has been brought into the public sphere. Due to the aforementioned problems, the reporting of corporate social performance has become one of the most crucial activities in reporting of environmental and social report[2]. The management has taken several steps to increase the lack of reliance on information that is voluntarily issued by the companies and its actual contribution made in the society. The motivating factors in general include the economic considerations of the company. The reporting of CSR activities have a significant amount of impact on the reputation and brand management as CSR acts as following up of the social responsibilities internally. The CSR activities are further observed to bring transparency in the ethical considerations[3]. Several Australian companies such as British American tobacco Australia Limited, Philip Morris Australia Limited and Imperial tobacco Australia Limited are known to engage in reporting of CSR activities for ethical sensitive activities performed by the company[4]. As per the companys corporate report the principal message behind degeneration of the environment report is to measure the base management and energy consumption from the manufacturing of the p roducts. Some of the companies motivating factors are also seen in building improve relationship with the government by having stringent procedures for controlling carbon footprint and reduced pollution[5]. It is important to note that the process of CSR reporting is more prominent in the environmentally sensitive industries, which has to deal with several types of ethical issues and use CSR as a means of communication with the stakeholder via media and SRI investors. Hence, we can see the motivating factors of the CSR have been observed not only for reporting to the government about the ethical adherence but also the stakeholders are able to know about the several types of the ethical initiatives taken by a company. The overall motivating factor of the CSR reporting has been seen in increased shareholder value and access to capital[6]. The CSR reporting has also led to improvement in reputation and brand management of the company as a whole. Based on several research techniques it is interesting to note that the motivating factors change from industry to industry[7]. For example, the motivating factor in environmentally sensitive industry is seen with increased value of the shareholder and access to capital. On the other hand, the supply chain sensitive industrys motivation for environment reporting is done for the purpose of reputation and brand management. The industries, which are related to ethical sensitive issues the most important motivating factor is seen in the risk management. Lastly, the corporate governance sensitive industries have the motivating factor through increased access to capital and shareholder value. These industries are often able to improve their reputation and brand management through the disclosure of a strong environment reporting[8]. Part B The vision of the company is to be among the most successful enterprise and fulfill the requirements of the customers by making available. The vision of the company also includes the inclusion of the best technology. The analysis of the corporate sustainability report 2013 of the Toyota Motor Corporation shows the incorporation of technologies such as plug in hybrids (PHV), electric vehicles and vehicles running with fuel cell [9]. The mission statement of the company aims to develop the technologies in reducing the energy requirement and diversifying the energy requirement. The company has taken several initiatives in the production and the logistics activities focusing on reducing the carbon footprints and CO2 emissions[10] According to the sustainability report, Toyota Motor Corporation has engaged itself to define the future mobility as a part of the social system specified under WBCSD. The two pillars of the company for the motto of continuous improvement and respect for the people is associated to all the stakeholders of the company. This is respect to the character and the capabilities of the employees as then individuals. This is also relevant with facilitating the personal achievements on the basis f the linking of the personal growth of the employees associated to the performance of the company. Toyota further works to take into consideration the viewpoint of the stakeholders and undertaking the measures to show the views in the management. The corporate governance statement given in the sustainability report shows the company works to build a positive relationship with the stakeholders and the shareholders [11]. The governance mechanism to address the sustainability was emphasized with frontline operations and monitoring based on multi directional approach of the shareholders with the audit and the supervisory board. The company also works with the International advisory board and the various types of the labor management council. The governance mechanism works on positioning of a stable and long-term growth for the purpose of the top priority in the management. As per the corporate governance report Toyota motor Corporation believed on a global vision which focused on the sustainability of both environment and society. The company has taken major initiative in manufacturing and development of environmental friendly hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, it has taken several types of initiatives for the social contributions, which focused on traffic safety and education[12]. These activities are based on centered focus on the automobile manufacturing and designing of vehicle technologies, which will help people in a wider community to bring happiness among the society as a whole. Furthermore, company has taken several initiatives seeking global harmony with people, environment and society through monazukuri. Some of the contributions of the company towards the society and environment include manufacturing of eco-cars, which aims to improve the global average relative efficiency. The company has also contributed in several ways for reducing the CO2 em issions by promoting integrated energy management initiatives and energy-saving production technologies[13]. 2. In the books of Matthew Ltd. Statement of Profit Loss and Comprehensive Income:- for the year ended on 30th June,2016 Particulars Note Amount ($) Sales Revenue 5,000,000 Other Operating Revenue - Total Revenue 1 5,000,000 Cost of Sales: Raw Material Used (2,200,000) Add : Change in Inventories of Work-in-Progress (125,000) (2,325,000) Less: Change in Inventories of Finished Goods (60,000) (2,265,000) Gross Profit 2,735,000 Employee Benefit Expense (950,000.00) Depreciation Expense (226,000.00) Amortization - Plant (25,000.00) Rental Expense (70,000.00) Advertising Expense (142,000.00) Insurance Expense (45,000.00) Freight Expense (133,000.00) Doubtful Debts Expense (10,000.00) Other Expense (8,000) Net Operating Income 1,126,000 Interest Income 22,000 Sundry Income 25,000 Earnings before Interest Taxes 1,173,000 Finance Cost 2 (30,000) Profit Before Income Tax 1,143,000 Income Tax Expenses 3 (320,000) Net Profit for the Period 823,000 Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss): - Total Comprehensive Income for the Period 823,000 In the books of Matthew Ltd. Statement of Change in Equity for the Year Ended 30/06/2016 Particulars Share Capital Retained Earnings Opening Balance as on 1/07/2015 1137000 310000 Add : Total Comprehensive Income for the Period 823,000 1,133,000 Less : Dividend Paid 210000 923,000 Add : Dividend Reinvested 41000 964,000 Less : Deferred Cash Flow Hedge 65000 Closing Balance as on 30/06/2016 1137000 899,000 In the books of Matthew Ltd. Balance Sheet:- for the year ended on 30th June,2016 Particulars Amount Amount ($) ASSETS:- Cash 4,000 Cash on deposit, at call 80,000 Trade Debtors 495,000 Less : Allowance for Doubtful Debts 18,000 477,000 Other Debtors 27,000 Closing Balance of Raw Material Inventory 320,000 Closing Balance of Finished Goods Inventory 385,000 Total Current Assets 1,293,000 Land 94,000 Buildings 220,000 Less : Accumulated Depreciation - Land Buildings 52,000 168,000 Plant Equipment 1,380,000 Less : Accumulated Depreciation - Plant Equipment 320,000 1,060,000 Patent 140,000 Less : Accumulated Amortization - Patent 50,000 90,000 Goodwill 620,000 Total Non-Current Assets 2,032,000 TOTAL ASSETS 3,325,000 Equity Liabilities: Bank Loan 92,000 Other Loans 450,000 Trade Creditors 452,000 Provision for Employee Benefit 120,000 Income Tax Payable 35,000 Deferred Tax Liability 140,000 Current Liabilities 1,289,000 Long Term Liabilities - Non-Current Liabilities - TOTAL LIABILITIES 1,289,000 Share Capital 1,137,000 Retained Earnings 899,000 Total Equity 2,036,000 TOTAL EQUITY LIABILITIES 3,325,000 Notes to the income statement of Matthew Limited: Matthew Limited is an Australian manufacturing organisation and aims to operate in the market for earning profit. The statement of comprehensive income has been developed based on the financial transactions for 52 weeks, which ends at 30th June 2016. The directors of the organization have assigned the authority to publish the statement. Compliance statement: The income statement has been prepared for common purpose, which is formed to comply with the AASB 101. The revenue has been disclosed to comply with the AASB 138 arising from the sales of the products and other operating revenues. The revenue is recognised and recorded at the fair amount, which is received or receivable. However, it needs to fulfil the criteria of recognition, which is discussed as follows: Sales Revenue: Revenue could be realised at the time the ownership rewards and risks have been transferred to the purchaser, which could be gauged reliably. Finance cost: The cost of finance is realised as expenditure, at the time it is attributed to big projects with adequate development and stages of construction. Income tax expense: The income tax expenses are calculated by looking at the current tax rate payable to the Australian tax authorities. Income from other sources: The income from other sources has been presented in the statement of comprehensive income to meet the disclosure requirements, as stated out in AASB 101. Notes to the balance sheet statement and statement of changes in equity: The statement of balance sheet and change in equity has been prepared to meet the global IFRS standard and satisfy the recognition criteria of AASB 101. These are discussed as follows: Plant and Equipment, Land and buildings: The plant and equipment, land and buildings are valued after deduction of depreciation charges based on the residual values and economic lives. Intangible assets: The intangible assets are valued after accumulated amortisation rates based on the residual values and assumed to have finite economic lives. Equity capital: The equity capital is valued after the consideration of dividends, retained earnings and amount raised from share capital. 3. In the Books of Mackay Ltd. Current Tax Worksheet for the year ended 30/06/2018 Particulars Amount Amount Profit before Tax 60000 Add : Entertainment Expenses 1800 Depreciation on Buildings 800 2600 Less: Depreciation on Plant: Depreciation for Taxation 7500 Depreciation for Accounting 5000 2500 Net Taxable Profit 60100 Tax Payable 18030 Journal Entry:- Income Tax Expense A/c. Dr. 18030 To, Income Tax Payable A/c. 18030 Income Statement A/c. Dr. 18030 To, Income Tax Expense A/c. 18030 Workings: Closing Allowance for Doubtful Debts 5500 Less: Opening Allowance for Doubtful Debts 4000 Allowance for Doubtful Debts for the period 1500 Closing Provision for Long Service Leave 6000 Less : Opening Provision for Long Service Leave 4500 Long Service Leave Expense for the period 1500 Closing Provision for Annual Service Leave 4000 Less : Opening Provision for Annual Service Leave 3000 Annual Service Leave Expense for the period 1000 Closing Rent Received in Advance 2500 Less : Opening Rent Received in Advance 2000 Additional Rent received in Advance 500 Reference List Belal, A.R. and Momin, M., 2009. Corporate social reporting (CSR) in emerging economies: a review and future direction. Research in accounting in emerging economies, 9, pp.119-143. Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014. Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Deegan, C., 2012. Australian financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Epstein, M.J. and Buhovac, A.R., 2014. Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Kim, C.H. and Scullion, H., 2013. The effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on employee motivation: A cross-national study. The Poznan University of Economics Review, 13(2), p.5. Lacey, R., Kennett-Hensel, P.A. and Manolis, C., 2015. Is corporate social responsibility a motivator or hygiene factor? Insights into its bivalent nature. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(3), pp.315-332. Lanis, R. and Richardson, G., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and tax aggressiveness: An empirical analysis. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 31(1), pp.86-108. Skudiene, V. and Auruskeviciene, V., 2012. The contribution of corporate social responsibility to internal employee motivation. Baltic Journal of Management, 7(1), pp.49-67. Supanti, D., Butcher, K. and Fredline, L., 2014, December. Understanding Managers' Engagement with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the Thai Hotel Sector. In Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society (Vol. 25, pp. 91-96). Toyota-global.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.toyota-global.com/sustainability/report/sr/pdf/sustainability_report13_fe.pdf [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Toyota-indus.com. (2016). Vision Mission | Toyota Indus. [online] Available at: https://www.toyota-indus.com/corporate/company-profile/vision-mission/ [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Zeiller, M. and Schauer, B., 2011, September. Adoption, motivation and success factors of social media for team collaboration in SMEs. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies (p. 4). ACM.

Audit of Alex Blenheim Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Audit of Alex Blenheim Pty Limited. Answer: Internal Control System Meaning The methods which are applied by an entity and which give promise to accomplish the aims and objectives set by an entity from its business processes are called as internal control system of an entity. It helps in attaining the goals of efficient and effective reporting by management and auditor about the affairs of the company, proper and timely compliance of rules and regulations lay down by government. Internal Control Weakness The internal control weakness is defined as a deficiency in the systems designed and employed by an entity to ensure effectiveness in the working of an entity in relation to aim and objectives set by an entity. In the given case of Alex Blenheim Pty Limited, to assess the weakness in internal control system firstly the assessment of internal control environment and its effect on company policies and procedures is require to be done. Evaluation of Clients Internal Control Environment The control environment of an entity is base for efficient and effective reporting of the financial and non financial matters to the stakeholders of entity both internal and external for achievement of aim and goals set by strategic objectivities if an entity and it is the foundation of effective control system in an entity. The Alex Blenheim may objective is to reduce the cost of goods to company including the overheads costs or by achieving the high volume of sales as the company is low margin company. The company is planning to reduce the levels of inventory, early receipts from debtors and early payments to creditor to increase the working capital margins of the company. The company is maintaining very goods internal control policies in relation to Inventory of Raw Material, Work in Process and for finished goods. The company is maintaining the computerized system of internal control of inventory. It contains all the five elements which are required for good internal control system. The elements of good internal control systems are Control environment, Entitys risk evaluation process, information system, control activities and review of internal controls to reduce the weakness of controls are presents in company internal control policy of inventory.(Scaldeo,2013) Weakness in Internal Controls of Company in respect of Inventories A good internal control in relation to inventory involves the controls which enables an entity to: Prevent inventory from loss of wastage and theft Make certain that an entity is complying with policies lay down by management of the company and compliance with applicable laws All the employees are working with the aim to make control system effective and assessment of their work Guarantee about the reasonable results with accurate financial information and financial reports. If any of the above is followed in making controls of inventories, there is weakness in controls relating to Inventory. The following are weakness in the internal control of inventory in Alex Blenheim Company: No Substitution in case Computerized System failure The Alex Company is majorly depending on its computer system for controls in relation to inventory. In case of electricity failure the computerized systems will not work resulting in temporary failure and company is not able to ascertain any of the information. Codes in Master File The process get terminated when the codes are not matched with master file result in failure of scanning process by store staff. Also if production controller fails to judge and update any of the details relation to stock code, supplier codes or sub contractor codes then the inventory cannot be processed in the system maintained by company making it most important weakness of internal control of company. Non review of Duties of Segregated staff- There is no review policy adopted by the company so the accuracy of the data entry by different personnel of the company cannot be checked and may result in frauds and errors. Training cost In the given system of the control of inventory the training cost of different staff relating to stores for raw materials and finished in addition to the staff for production and accounting. To ensure that the job done by each personnel is perfect a proper training is require for each employee which increases the costs to the company and defeating the main object of reducing the cost of company Impact Of Weaknesses In Internal Control The weakness could impact the working of an entity and hampers the ultimate objective of the company which the company is required to achieve by implementing the controls systems. The weakness can damage the effectiveness and efficiency of business control environment which are root causes for business risks in any business. The major impacts of weakness are: Frauds and error The non existence of any particular code for an inventory results in failure of process and the employees can collide and create the burglary of inventory at different levels at store level of raw material and finished goods. Also if the employee punched the wrong code then also there are chances of errors in valuation of inventory. Corruption of Data In lacking of reviewing the work of employee, there may be high chances of inaccurate reports and financial data generated from inventory systems. Less assurance from Government authorities- By having weakness in control systems of a company, the government authorities is not able to create reliance on the compliance system of an entity. Non efficient employees- Since the efficiency level is not measured by company by any tools then there are chances of having non efficient employees in an entity and they will not work in accordance with aim of reducing the cost of carrying an inventory. (Strand ,2014) Steps Taken To Reduce The Imapct Of Risk In Internal Control System The following are the steps taken by an entity to reduce the impact of risks in internal controls: Review of the work of the staff in the company after particular interval by the managers of the company to whom the subordinates report. Checking of work of production controller and account clerk in relation to master file amendment particular period by another higher manager of the company. External Audit by qualified professional of the internal control policies of the company on periodic basis in addition to review on financial statements. The unbiased outside third party helps in identification of errors and inconsistency present in the control systems which can help the management to know the accuracy of the financial data. Proper Documentation trail is required to maintain for each every time like proper records to maintain for recording of the stocks which are not mentioned in master file. (Feng,2014) References Feng, M., Li, C., McVay, S. E., Skaife, H. (2014). Does ineffective internal control over financial reporting affect a firm's operations? Evidence from firms' inventory management. The Accounting Review, 90(2), 529-557. Salcedo, C. A. G., Hernandez, A. I., Vilanova, R., Cuartas, J. H. (2013). Inventory control of supply chains: Mitigating the bullwhip effect by centralized and decentralized Internal Model Control approaches. European Journal of Operational Research, 224(2), 261-272. Strand L, (2014) , 10 Common Internal Control Deficiencies Found in Small Business available at https://www.lbahs.com/blog/bid/397513/10-common-internal-control-deficiencies-found-in-small-businesses accessed on 06/05/2017

Identity and Calling Reflection Essays - Christianity, Religion

Identity and Calling Reflection I found it very hard to reflect on what I was passionate about this week, because as a student we get so preoccupied with upcoming midterms, assignments due, meetings to attend, and family to take care of. In my life there is not a lot of time for resting and pondering what I am passionate about, apart from a few times I get each week to myself. As an introvert I need time to recuperate from all of the social interaction during the day, so I make it a rule for myself that I do not do homework or really interact with anyone past 9 or 10pm, which might sound a little out there and unusual, but it really works for me. I get to watch TV, play my guitar, spend time with my family or spend time with God, and it helps me prepare for the next day. During these times I've been able to think of what brings me joy and satisfaction, and that is in spending time with my friends or family, talking about God's provision. It may sound overly spiritual or like I'm putting on a show, but just journaling to the Lord about my day and being able to share what God has been doing in my life and the life of my friends and family brings me so much joy. I am passionate about making others feel loved, and even more about people who are lost that get to hear the story of them being found in the Lord, and that any one and any situation is redeemable through him. I've seen a lot of friends who are simply dissatisfied with their lives because they don't have a father God who they can talk to, or a big brother in Jesus that they can look up to. They search for meaning in parties, having sex, getting a raise or putting others down to raise themselves up. The best part about Jesus is that we are not in charge of saving everyone, and us alone making the world a better place. Our only job is for us to say "yes" to the Lord when he has a favor for us, for us to be available and servant hearted towards him. And even better, he wants the best for us and he would never make us do anything we couldn't handle. There are many moments throughout the week where I feel hopeless, tired, overwhelmed and heartbroken. My heart feels most heartbroken for my grandma, who lives with us and just recently had a very bad fall and has lost the little motivation she had to live. It breaks my heart to see her lose her independence, and her ability to serve others, which before was the only thing keeping her going and keeping her smiling. It's very hard to watch a woman go from living on her own and taking care of her grandchildren, to her grandchildren taking care of her. She cannot so much as get off a chair on her own, and in the past few weeks my family has spent some nights just crying altogether, grieving for her. A very special gift that comes with being saved and believing in Jesus, is the hope we have as Christians of a beautiful afterlife, where my grandma will be pain free and dependent only on the Lord. Ironically, death is what my family hopes for for her, as morbid as it sounds. We sees her di scontent with her life, and her readiness for running into the father's arms in heaven. In this season I have begun to truly understand the meaning of a "celebration of life" at a funeral. I always thought it was an insensitive title for someone who has just died, like we are celebrating that they are finally gone. But for us, we really will celebrate with her as she gets to be with her husband again and with our good friend Jesus in heaven. So to conclude, I think what really brings me joy and a purpose, is being able to give people the news of hope. That we as Christians, as crazy as we look, get to be hopeful

Peets Coffee and Tea

Peets Coffee and Tea Industrial background Peet’s Coffee and Tea is a restaurant with international operations across the world. With its headquarters located in California, the business has a chain of coffee houses located at various parts of the world. The restaurant business deals in a range of products consisting of diversified coffee and tea beverages.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Peet’s Coffee and Tea specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Problem statement Following the recent business evaluation, there has been a need to establish strategies that will propel the company towards success. In this regard, the following strategies will be included in the company’s marketing proposal. New marketing strategies According to Ataman, Harald and Carl, Peet’s Coffee and Tea restaurant requires new marketing strategies that are effective in a food and beverage industry (866). The use of a suite of services and loy alty programs among others is deemed an effective marketing strategy. Suites of services Customer-friendly suite of services includes installation of free internet services inside the restaurant. When customers access free Wi-Fi internet connections, they would be happy to spend time and enjoy coffee and tea for hours. This means that free internet connection requires installation of electrical cables near the coffee tables for laptop connectivity. Another form of a suite of services includes book live entertainment, where customers engage in poetry reading and other forms of readings that complement relaxation. People who prefer taking coffee and tea do so for purposes of relaxation. Suites of services offer an ambient environment that promotes relaxation mood in a coffee and tea restaurant. Moreover, the suite of services may be viewed by customers as value additional services. This strategy will promote sales once regular customers invite their friends to see the difference (Atam an, Harald and Carl 869). Loyalty programs Loyalty programs are considered as incentive programs for loyal customers (Ataman, Harald and Carl 871). In this respect, Peet’s Coffee and Tea restaurant will use punch cards redeemable for free coffee drinks and snacks after every 10th cup of coffee at any of the business restaurants. In this regard, the loyalty program is deemed to encourage more loyal customers to visit the restaurants and enjoy free drinks.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This program increases sales volume and promotes business-customer relationship (873). Another form of loyal program is to have punch cards that track a client’s amount of purchases done at any of the business restaurants. This would be used to determine discounts given to such loyal clients, as well as the value of freebies given to same customers. On-premises adver tising Advertising is integral for any restaurant business, especially a coffee and tea business. The current Peet’s Coffee and Tea restaurant is to distinguish itself from other competitors through on-premise advertising. This means that the business needs to have creativity in having large windows, glass doors, exotic paintings and interior designs. The set-up of the sitting area is critical on how people view the business premises compared to other competitors with similar products and services. The visibility of the restaurant premises from outside is important. This means that the organization management has to make sure all other restaurant’s outlets are located at highly-visible locations. Promotional advertising In order to boost sales, it is important to incorporate sales promotion initiatives after every 4 months. A better way to ensure promotional advertising takes effect is placing coupons at local daily newspapers (876). To capture the attention of interne t users, the same can also be replicated on social media sites like Facebook and Twitter. Promotional advertising is critical in ensuring that the restaurants experience new visits from potential customers. Sales programs Peet’s coffee and Tea restaurant requires a sales program that seeks to promote the business from various perspectives. An example of sales programs would be special events like music events. Inviting artists in the music industry would be crucial in holding live performances at restaurant entertainment halls. This will promote the popularity of artists, as well as that of the restaurant business. Pricing strategy With a need to have repeat business as an attractive profit margin, establishing effective pricing strategies is imminent. Peet’s Coffee and Tea restaurant will use penetration pricing, promotional pricing, competition pricing and premium pricing strategies (880).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Peet’s Cof fee and Tea specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Penetration pricing strategy Peet’s Coffee and Tea restaurants products and services are known as high quality products, but will be offered at a lower price while entering new markets. This strategy will aid the restaurant business in countering harsh competition from other industrial players. Promotional pricing This pricing strategy is a long-term initiative used to attract potential customers. In this regard, the restaurant business will sell some of its products at a lower price without getting significant profits. This strategy is deemed to attract customers to access and explore other products and service provide by the business. Promotional pricing entails the use of discounts like price and product discounting. Competition pricing This strategy is focused to counter competitor’s prices. The business will identify prices of similar products and services from other competitors and provide a lower price on the same. This strategy can deliver narrow profits, but in long-term can be effective in neutralizing competition. Premium pricing Coffee and tea business are common among middle income earners and the wealthy because of the prestige and luxurious services from the businesses. In this regard, Peet’s Coffee and Tea restaurant business will target high-end consumers by providing high-quality products and services at premium prices. This strategy delivers high profit as it targets high spender with premium prices. Marketing programs Peet’s Coffee and Tea will establish a marketing program with an annual budget of $500,000. The marketing program will be responsible for the establishment and implementation of the mentioned strategies. Strategic alliance Peet’s Coffee and Tea restaurant business requires more than marketing strategies to succeed in a highly competitive industry. The business requires strategic alliances such as human reso urce, reliable suppliers, financial institutions and distributors. In this regard, the business requires having strategic pool of personnel as human resource. The department in charge of human resource management will have policies on hiring qualified personnel, general management, training and development of the same (877). In addition, the business will have strategy alliance with suppliers of essential supplies like coffee beans and food stuffs. A policy on supplier selection is critical for a strong-supplier relationship.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Peet’s Coffee and Tea business operates in perishable products and having reliable suppliers is necessary for business success. The business capacity to distribute determines the decision on the mode of distribution of its products and services to its outlets. In this regard, the company can outsource distributorship of its products from distribution vendors if does not have the capacity to do so. Financial strategic alliances with credible creditors are essential for a business survival. In this respect, the business requires partnership for financial stability with local banking institutions. The financial institutions are helpful in terms of credit control measures and financing new ventures. Auditing financial portioning and financial consultations of the business requires an independent auditor like bank institutions. Ataman, M. Berk, Harald J. Van Heerde, and Carl F. Mela. â€Å"The long-term effect of marketing strategy on brand sales.† Journal of Marketing Res earch 47.5 (2010): 866-882. Print.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - Essay Example Unshakable belief: Anxiety and depression are both featured in OCD, and recent research has also pointed out the importance of unshakable belief systems in the development of OCD. O'Dwyer and Marks (2000) give the example of a young man who "Came to believe in a 'power' that could bring him luck if he could retain it within his possession through ritualizing" (O'Dwyer and Marks, 2000. Page 281). Initially, the rituals begin so that the man can keep his 'power'. Soon, however, a second set of rituals develop, in order to ward off evil. O'Dwyer and Marks considered that roughly a third of all OCD patients in a study were delusional. Obsession: Obsession in OCD may take the form of compulsive thoughts and actions, the most well-known being the repetitive washing of hands. These should not be considered normal, everyday thoughts, but intrusive, repetitive and unwelcome thoughts and fears. Strock (1994) gives the example of a woman who was plagued with thoughts about harming her child: "She became terrified to use the kitchen knives of her sewing scissors. She knew she did not want to harm her child. Why did she have these distressing alien thoughts" (Strock, 1994). In OCD, the thoughts themselves can be innocuous, but it is the invasive nature of the thoughts, and the actions which are taken to get rid of them, which mark out OCD. In extreme cases, the OCD may take the form of hoarding, or collecting items, usually in massive quantities. Sufferers with this form of OCD may live in only a small space within their apartment, with the rest given over to the collection. Compulsion: Compulsion is the other half of the obsessional thoughts; such compulsion might include: knocking at a door or chewing food a certain number of times, counting actions, excessive washing rituals, returning to check that the fire is out repetitively, and so on. The important features of these compulsions is that 1) they have to be performed again and again, one action may be repeated until it satisfies the compulsion. Ritual Behavior: The elements of ritual are very important in the diagnosis of Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Rituals such as touching something a specific number of times may seem bizarre or psychotic, but the sufferer is compelled to perform them in order to ward off tragedy. OCD might be seen as a form of magical thinking, where an action is performed in order to protect an unrelated object, or prevent bad things from occurring. Sufferers may

Summary on readings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summary on readings - Essay Example Kidnap Poem This intriguing poem by Nikki Giovanni offers a unique and chilling perspective of being kidnapped if the kidnapper were a poet. The kidnap victim would become the subject of a poem as they are placed â€Å"in my phrases and meter.† Giovanni’s idea of kidnapping someone for the sake of a poem sounds more like a romance in the making than a legitimate kidnapping. The victim would be taken to either to Jones Beach, Coney Island, or to Giovanni’s house. Kidnap victims are seldom treated to such beautiful, romantic places. Then the doting poet would shower their victim with lilacs, run with them through the rain, and roll around with them on the beach – all the makings of a love story. Indeed, Giovanni believes that their victim on the beach would complement the poet’s vision. Giovanni would play the lyre for their victim in an attempt to win them over, and even show them off to her mother. In Giovanni’s eyes, to make a poem out of a kidnapping, show would have to show her victim love. My Dungeon Shook/Dear James James Baldwin begins his letter to his nephew by telling stating that it took him five tries to perfect his letter. This suggests either unsureness in his words, a reluctance in writing to his nephew, or just the inability to properly relay what he feels. James then compares his nephew to his father, or James’ bother. His nephew reminds him of the tough and vulnerable nature that his father exhibited. He also attempts to compare his nephew to his grandfather but is unable to find similarities. The grandfather had collapsed under the lies of the white man that he was the definition of what the world knew as a nigger. James encourages his nephew never to let that word break him and that it really is just a lie. He wants his nephew to know this because he loves his nephew, and his love is something else that he does not want his nephew to forget. James shares with his nephew how he knew his father f or their entire lives. As the older brother, James watched his little brother go through every stage of life. When he looks into his brother’s face, he sees the faces that he had grown into and then grown out of over the course of his life as though he were a living scrapbook. James even sees memories in his brother’s faces that he doubts his brother even remembers, like the time when his brother fell down the cellar stairs. James remembers it all, even when his brother does not, because he had been there to witness his brother go through life. More than anything, James knows â€Å"what the world has done to my brother and how narrowly he has survived it.† He acknowledges that his fellow men are in the habit of destroying lives and will continue to do so in a domino effect of human nature. James reminds his nephew that most of mankind is guilty for their own acts of destruction, but that does not mean that all of mankind shares in this guilt. The letter continue s with James pointing out that his nephew was born into a world that was not much different from the world one hundred years ago – a world that did not look with favor on people who were not white of skin. James reveals the purpose of the letter, which is to teach his nephew how to handle such a world without losing himself. Part of James’ reassurance is that his nephew’

Atmospheric issues Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Atmospheric issues - Term Paper Example Global warming is connected to levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere because carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Other gasses, such as methane serve as greenhouse gasses as well, but carbon dioxide is by far the most abundant, so the following mitigation plan will focus on limiting and eventually stabilizing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as best we can. Addressing global climate change is important because a host of negative environmental and human maladies can be linked to a rapidly changing climate. Habitat loss, a greater range for human and animal disease, declining agricultural production and more severe storms are all possible outcomes from a warming global climate. But mitigating the amount of carbon dioxide being introduced into the atmosphere is a challenge. The complex nature of the atmosphere and earth’s systems makes some inputs, such as volcanic eruptions and solar radiation, beyond our control. Even inputs that are within our control are dif ficult to implement due to the global nature of the problem. Any realistic mitigation plan needs to have the cooperation of a host of governments and nongovernmental organizations. Though the challenges are daunting, the threats are even more so. This is why we need to address the rising amount of carbon dioxide in our environment. Carbon dioxide levels need to be mitigated because carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Carbon dioxide is essential in our atmosphere because it traps heat in the atmosphere before it can be radiated back into space from the surface of the earth. It works very much like a blanket trapping body heat. If a blanket is too thick, the sleeper becomes uncomfortable. This is what many scientists believe is happening to earth. The build-up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is creating a thicker, more effective

Role of New Media in Reporting Emergencies in Nigeria

Role of New Media in Reporting Emergencies in Nigeria Glory Ajabiowe The Role of New Media in Reporting Emergencies in Nigeria. (A Case Study of Ebola Virus) CHAPTER ONE:  INTRODUCTION 1.1  BACKGROUND OF STUDY Emergency communication is known for its immediate communication with stakeholders and its ability to change at a moment’s notice. Social media is also an evolving field. The use of social media is growing at an exponential rate. Since their introduction, Social Network Sites (SNSs) such as Facebook, MySpace, Cyworld, Twitter and Bebo have attracted millions of users, many of whom have integrated these sites into their daily practices, (Goldfine, 2011). We[E1] define social network sites as web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. There are many ideas about the first occurrence of social media. â€Å"Throughout much of human history, we’ve developed technologies that make it easier for us to communicate with each other† (Carton, 2009). The earliest information encountered by the writers of this article  referred to 1792 and the use of the telegraph to transmit and receive messages over long distances (Ritholz, 2010). Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist known by many as the father of sociology, and Ferdinand Tonnies, a German sociologist, are considered pioneers of social networks during the late 1800s. Tonnies believed that social groups could exist because members shared values and beliefs or because shared conflict. His theory dealt with the social contract conceptions of society. Durkheim combined empirical research with sociological theory. Also, in the late 1800s, the radio and telephone were used for social interaction, albeit one-way with the radio (Rimskii, 2011, Wren, 2004). Since the late 1990’s, the new social media have not only changed the perception of risk and  crises, but also citizens expectations towards emergency response officials, the private sector,  volunteer organizations, etc[E2]. Twitter, Facebook and Ushahidi among others have been widely used to communicate about risks and crisis situations (e.g. 2010 Haiti earthquake, 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident, etc.[E3]). This change is linked to the rapid development of the Web 2.0 and its applications. While Internet traffic is expected to grow 25-30% between 2011 and 2015 in North America, Western Europe and Japan, and to reach or surpass 50% in Latin America, the Middle East and Africa according to the UN global pulse white book, the use of social media such as Facebook and Twitter is growing even more rapidly. Social media is user-generated content distributed through the Internet with the intent to  be shared and facilitate conversation between users (Wright Hinson, 2009). Social media is  one of the major methods of social interaction around the world today (Wright Hinson, 2009). In general, the following are considered social media tools and platforms: message boards, photo  sharing, podcasts, Really Simple Syndication (RSS), video sharing, Wikis, blogs, social  networks and micro-blogging sites (Wright Hinson, 2009). Social Media can be called a strategy and an outlet for broadcasting, while Social Networking is a tool and a utility for connecting with others (Cohen, 2009; Stelzner, 2009). Furthermore, Cohen (2009) reports that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸the difference is not just semantics but in the features and functions put into these websites by their creators which dictates the way they are to be used†.[E4] Facebook is a social networking website launched in February 2004, and it is privately operated by Facebook, Inc. (Facebook, 2004). Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg and others when he was a student at Harvard; though when the site was initially launched, it was restricted to Harvard students only. Later the privilege was extended to high school students and later to everyone that is 13 years or older (Boyd, 2007). As of July 2010, Facebook has more than 500 million active users. In January 2009, Facebook was ranked as the most used social network worldwide. Also, in May 2010, Google announced that more people visited Facebook than any other website in the world. It declares that this was discovered from findings on 1,000 sites across the world, (TIMES, 2010). Users may create a personal profile; add other users as friends, and exchange messages, including automatic notifications, photos and comments when they update their profile. Additionally, Facebook users may join common i nterest user groups, organized by workplace, school, college, or other characteristics. Ebola virus was discovered in 1976 and since then 2,265 reported cases of Ebola fever in humans around the world of these victims, 1,531 resulted in death killed. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC, 2012). The first known case of Ebola in Nigeria was a traveller exposed in Liberia. On July 17, 2014, while under observation in a Monrovia, Liberia, hospital for possible Ebola, the patient developed a fever and, while symptomatic, left the hospital against medical advice. Despite advice against travel, on July 20 he flew by commercial airline from Monrovia via Accra, Ghana, to Lomà ©, Togo, then changed aircraft, and flew to Lagos. On arrival the afternoon of July 20, he was acutely ill and immediately transported to a private hospital where he was noted to have fever, vomiting, and diarrhoea. During hospital admission, the patient was queried about Ebola and said he had no known exposure; he was initially treated for presumed malaria. Based on the patients failure to respond to malaria treatment and his travel from an Ebola-affected country in the region, treating physicians suspected Ebola. The patient was isolated and tested for Ebola virus infection while local public health authorities were alerted about a suspected case of Ebola. A blood specimen sent to Lagos University Teaching Hospital was confirmed positive for acute Ebola virus infection. The patient died on July 25. Port Health Services conducted early contact tracing at the airport and worked with airlines and partners to ensure notification of the outbreak through International Health Regulations mechanisms During the 2009 influenza pandemic, tweets and SMS were used to indicate where vaccination  against H1N1 influenza was available. Social media were used to encourage the population to  vaccinate and to indicate where the nearest place was to do so. In Kenya, which has 33 million people there are 11.3 million mobile phone subscribers but only 264000 landline and 3 million internet users. An opt-in system for blood donors enables them to receive text messages or email reminders stating when they are eligible to donate again but also messages calling for donors of specific blood types during shortages or crises. The World Health Organisation (WHO) uses social media in its Strategic Health Operations  Centre (SHOC) which operate 24-7. Thanks to TweetDeck, they conduct search by selected keywords on Twitter. WHO now has two full-time social media staff and receives nearly 6,000 new followers on Twitter per week and about the same number on Facebook per month. These numbers are growing, which helps WHO both to monitor health crisis and provide good advices to the followers. During the Fukushima events, the TweetDeck observed that some people were telling their friends to drink wound cleaners, which contain iodine, because they thought this would help their body be prepared for the nuclear radiation coming up. Via Twitter and Facebook, the WHO social media team warned people not to drink it because it could be harmful. The same day, WHO noticed people rushing to take iodine pills and tweeted: â€Å"Consult your doctor before taking iodine pills. Do not self-medicate!† As communication technology diversifies and proliferates, social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) are increasingly used to convey information during crises to send warnings, to conduct situational awareness, and even to catalyse action and sustain dialogs and feedback loops among public authorities, volunteer groups, the business sector and citizens. Despite their usefulness, governments view social media with some caution due to the cost that could be incurred by trying to keep pace with growing citizen expectations. The reliability of social media content is sometimes questioned, though filtering tools have been developed that may be used to reduce time spent reading irrelevant messages and untrustworthy sources. The social media can be used to enhance risk and crisis communication in several ways. First,  they are collaborative and participatory. Online discussions can improve situation awareness. Second, they are decentralised. The information can circulate very quickly among actors, thanks to RSS feeds or Tweets, which are immediately available online to multiple organisations. Third, social media are popular and accessible. Emergency services can extend their reach when sending information or warning. Finally, social media can provide data that are geographically or temporally traceable. It becomes possible to monitor the geographical and time development of a crisis thanks to digitally generated content. The evolution of social media has led to faster spread of messages and the ability to minimize harm done to an organization in a crisis scenario. Social media is starting to change the way we do business, and I think if we don’t realize what’s happening in emergency management then people are going to look up, and they’re going to go- †What just happened?†Ã‚  (Richard, 2011). But Social media also has the potential to ruin a company’s reputation or expedite the spread of harmful corporate rumors (Semple, 2009). This is evident in the spread of the water salt solution (Salty Friday) by a tertiary institution student via the Facebook that led to the death of many people all over the country including Plateau state after many drank the salt water and bath with it (Salty Friday). For Iqaluit’s mayor, Madeleine Redfern in (Canadian Red Cross, 2012), Facebook is often the best way to reach members of her community, especially in emergencies. Many Iqaluit residents use Facebook, which can provide timely updates and allow for two-way communication more effectively than mainstream media. By sharing timely information with her community through social media, Mayor Redfern can help dispel rumors before they spread. â€Å"If misinformation is not corrected and it spreads like wildfire, then suddenly people are angry and scared and act in ways not in their best interest,† she added. â€Å"It’s the difference between an informed public and a panicked one.† In Nigeria, 56 Ebola cases have been reported of which 6 has been killed by the disease. It is against this background the researcher is willing to examine the attitude of social media users towards the awareness of Ebola virus on Facebook. 1.2  STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Social networking sites can serve many uses throughout emergencies and disaster relief. Social networking sites can gather information in a central location as well as serve as a resource to understand the magnitude of a disaster during the disaster or emergency (Palen et al., 2009). However, the major problem is that Facebook users post, comment, sharing information on Ebola virus which they know little or nothing about the credibility of its source as to add salt to bathwater which also killed some hypertensive patients in Borno state. Social media users know little or nothing about the rule or law guiding post, comment, sharing information and so on. Another problem is that many of the users on social media expressed their opinion with little or no proper editing of the contents they are sharing. The source of major information, idea, concept being discussed through social media lack credibility and authority. Opinion and attitudes are only formed based on the information posted on social networking sites since there is not an established gatekeepers unlike traditional mass media where the reporters, proof-readers and editors make corrections and filter before disseminated to the citizen, as citizens are now part of information gathering and dissemination. 1.3  RESEARCH QUESTIONS The distinctiveness of this research is to be based on the following research questions. To what extent has Nigeria explored facebook in reporting the Ebola virus? What are emergency managers’ attitudes toward facebook and other social media? To what extent has the use of facebook resulted to falsified/speculative report of critical issues in Nigeria? What benefits are gained from the use of facebook and other social media use during emergencies? 1.4  AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The study is geared to achieve these aims and objectives To ascertain how the internet Web technology has affected the practice of journalism in Nigeria. To ascertain how the use of social media in plateau state has impacted the system in terms of reporting emergency cases. To find out how the use of facebook has aided human interaction in plateau state. To find out and examine the pitfalls of facebook in the report of the Ebola Virus outbreak. 1.5  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to understand how social media is being used in emergency situations. It attempts to understand communication throughout a disease outbreak and the various ways social media can be used to supplement disaster relief efforts. The study will go a long way to bridge the gap of knowledge existing about the use of the social media platform for ordinary chats among friends and set a paradigm for human cooperation and interaction through the sharing of vital information during emergency periods and when other urgent issues of national relevance come into play or relevant. By exploring current social media practices of emergency relief and government organizations, and their successes and failures during emergencies best practices will be established, so as to help add to the bank of knowledge already existent in the field. 1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY Facebook.comaccording to Alexa website ranking on 4th, January 2014 was regarded as the most visited website with statistic of 900,000,000 per month followed bygoogle.com, while Twitter is ranked as one of the ten-most-visited websites worldwide by Alexa’s Web Traffic Analysis. It is recorded that at least 5 million and seven hundred and fifty thousand Nigerians are on facebook with a good number of them being young or students. (facebook statistics, 2014). This has prompted me to use facebook as a social media platform for this study. More so, this study is limited to Jos South local government, Plateau state. 1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS The researcher intends to define ambiguous terms in this study with the operational meaning as it will be used in the study and not the dictionary meanings. New media: This is a new platform/provision that came with the turn of the millennium and ushered in immediacy and interaction in the art and science of communication and also makes possible/faster the unification of the world into a global village. Emergency: This is an impromptu call or situation that may be caused by a disease outbreak, natural disaster, etc., for which human attention/help is needed immediately. Facebook: This is a social media platform that allows users to share comments, pictures, videos and other forms of communication and bridges the gap created by distance. Ebola Virus: This is a viral disease that infected 56 people in Nigeria and killed 6. It is characterized by cough, fever, acute headache, and bleeding before death. Salty Friday: This is the day a group of students used the facebook and falsely reported that people should drink and bath with salt water to remedy the Ebola Virus. This day was evident with phone calls, text messages and chats in the middle of the night and in the early hours of the day. REFERENCES Boyd, D. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Computer Mediated Communication, 3-20. Carton, S. (2009). Defining social media. Retrieved from http://www.clickz.com/clickz/column/1703507/defining-social-media CDC, (2014 ) â€Å"CDC Urges all US Residents to Avoid None-essential Travel to Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leon Because of an Unprecedented Outbreak of Ebola†. CDC, July 31. Cohen, L. S. (2009, April 30). Is There A Difference Between Social Media And Social Networking? Retrieved from Lonscohen: Émile Durkheim. (2010). In Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Retrieved from Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/174299/Emile- Durkheim Facebook. (2004). Facebook Inc. Retrieved from Facebook.com: http://www.face.com Goldfine, E. (2011) The Use of Social Media Throughout Emergency Disaster Relief. Washington DC. Palen, L., et al. (2009). Crisis in a Networked World: Features of Computer-Mediated Communication ,Virginia Tech Event. Social Science Computer Review, 27(4), 467-480. doi: Article Red cross (2012) Canadian red cross on social media, Canada: the star phoenix Rimskii, V. (2011). The influence of the Internet on active social involvement and the formation   and development of identities. Russian Social Science Review, 52 (1), 79-101. Ritholz, B. (2010) History of social media. Retrieved from http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2010/12/history-of-social-media/ Social media update (2014.) while facebook remains the most popular site, other platforms see higher rates of growth. Pew research centre Stelzner, M. (2009, May 22). Social Media vs. Social Networking : What s the difference . Retrieved December 4, 2010, from examiner: http://www.examiner.com/networking-in- national/social-media-vs-social-networking-what-s-the-difference Semple, E. (2009). Update your crisis communication plan with social media.  Strategic Communication Management, 13(5), 7. doi: Article. TIMES, L. (2010). The business and culture of our digital lives, . Los Angeles Times, 1. Wright, D., Hinson, M. (2009). An Updated Look at the Impact of Social Media on Public  Relations Practice. Public Relations Journal, 3(2), 27. [E1]Who is the we? Cite properly [E2]Avoid the use of etc. instead use words like ‘and others’ [E3]Same as above [E4]Plagiarism

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Introduction As the number of Americans covered by managed care plans grows, it becomes more important to understand how managed care organizations (MCOs) control costs and how these controls affect access, quality, and health outcomes. This paper will examine patterns in referrals from primary care physicians (PCPs) to specialists in order to evaluate physicians’ satisfaction with this inter-physician communication and to identify problems in the referral process. Prior authorizations will also be studied in order to learn the criteria considered when deciding if a treatment or medication is medically necessary and appropriate. The reasons prior authorization systems are utilized and their effectiveness in controlling costs and constraining access will also be examined. Case management as a function of utilization management and methods for measuring quality and patient satisfaction will be discussed. Historical patterns of case management will be studied in order to evaluate the effecti veness of case management in managing costs. The implications of referral and prior authorizations systems for all stakeholders, MCOs, purchasers, providers, and consumers will be considered. Background/Understanding In MCOs, there are a variety of processes that are used to influence the practice style of a PCP. The method that causes one of the most controversial and frustrating aspects of managed care for the members and their PCP is the use of referral systems (Grumbach et al, 1998). A referral system is the process in which PCPs determine whether services that are performed outside of their office are medically necessary and appropriate. These referrals are used to send members to other physicians in order to gain the excess amount of care t... ...spects of care including, rehabilitation, home care, and health education. MCOs can also utilize disease management, which is a specialized form of case management to monitor and control certain individuals with specialized needs. Like case management, disease management is targeted at specific high risk and high cost medical cases but with a focus on diseases. Disease management is unique because it offers patients access to not only physicians but also other types of health care professionals including pharmacists and dieticians. The idea behind this is to provide each patient with all available resources to help control or eliminate their disease. Pharmacists can provide specialized knowledge on medication techniques and types while dietitians can provide information on healthy eating habits that can help ease symptoms of particular diseases (Kongstvedt, 2009).

The migration of people to cities

The migration of people to cities is one the biggest problems facing the world's cities today. Discuss the main causes. What solutions could be used to tackle the situation? Nowadays, the issue of urbanization is more frequently discussed than ever before due to its increasing impacts on lives and on the environment. Most people will not argue the fact that living in a city is easier overall than living in the country. Despite that fact, many generations have lived in rural settings by choice over the decades. The pursuit ofa better standard of living, education and higher health care are the main causes of migration to urban areas.Many people hope that if they move to live in a big city they will find higher-paying Jobs. However, mass migration to cities causes greater competition for Jobs and this lead to underemployment. Others want their children to get better education and often high-ranked schools or universities with well-trained teachers are in the city. Moreover, the expansi on of cities often leads to environmental problems, such as pollution. To solve the migration problems there are a number of solutions. One of the possible answers is to improve the quality of life in the countryside. Government could invest in building medical facilities and schools.Media can also be used to promote a healthy and stress free life in the countryside. Another way to attract people to stay in rural areas is creating more employment opportunities. By doing this, many people will choose to stay in the countryside. To conclude, because of urbanization the raw beauty of rural life is fading into oblivion. Convincing people to live in the countryside might seem as a difficult task, but if for once we escape the dullness of the city and discover the stunning places, hidden in the forgotten parts of our country we might Just realize what we are missing. 285 words 30 minutes

Keira knightley essays

Keira knightley essays Keira Knightley was born in Teddington, England on March 22, 1985. Daughter of playwright Sharman MacDonald and actor Will Knightley, she was already influenced by show business at an early age. She has one sibling, a brother named Caleb. Keira got her first manager at the age of 6, after asking for a manager at the age of three. Her parents were very strict and demanding when it came to Keiras priorities and education. Since she had dyslexia, they made sure nothing interfered with her education, enforcing her to study through school holidays. Nevertheless, Keiras parents made sure that she worked in production if it didnt interfere with her education. From an early age, she was trained in dance but chose acting. She had her film debut at the age of nine in a romantic drama A Village Affair. She gradually took on more but rather small roles in Innocent Lies (1995), Treasure Seekers (1996) and Coming Home (1998). She got her break as Sabe, the decoy queen for Star Wars: The Phantom Menace. Her role of Sabe was kept secret until the movie release to not spoil the surprise. In makeup for Sabe, the mothers of Keira Knightley and Natalie Portman could not tell them apart. After Star Wars, she landed roles in Oliver Twist (2000) and Princess of Thieves (2001). In the same year, it was thought that her breakthrough role would be in the thriller The Hole. Instead, she got the attention of audiences in the comedy drama Bend It Like Beckham. In preparation for Bend It Like Beckham, Keira had to train for 20 weeks in soccer. After her performance in Bend It Like Beckham, Keira landed many high profile roles. She played the role once played by Julie Christie in Dr. Zhivago and appeared in the comedy, Love, Actually. Her biggest role was in Disneys big-budget movie, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl. As of July 2004, she has bought a house in London where she will move in with si ...

Free Essays on The Red Air Fighter

Manfred Von Richthofen a Cavalry Officer in Germany army is the author of the book titled â€Å"The Red Air Fighter†. He was born in Schwednitz in Germany in 1882. He was a fighter pilot on the Western Front in 1916. Richthofen an excellent fighter shot down fifteen aircraft in his days and became commander of this own unit. He also became the most famous war ace in Germany. This book’s information itself is 85 years old but the age does not effect the material informed in the book. This book talks about the author’s life and his victories and how he came about to achieving it. This book is for readers who are interested in learning about the past and how it affected the future. It gives first person views of what life of a famous and infamous ace of World War I was like. The author describes his upbringing his training his exploits in the air, colorful stories in his time off. The layout of the book keeps the reader interested and its usage of vocabulary is for laymen. One should approach this work with a neutral mind and allow the piece to fall where they may. Anyone who can read can have the experiences that author had during his life in the time of the war. This book is straightforward, blunt style of writing allows the pages to flow quickly. The author mainly uses his own life experience to express his view and involvements in the war. He started out from being and observer and worked his way through becoming the commander of his unit. He was one of the best air fighters in Germany. One of the most interesting part of the book in on page 103. He has dedicated a whole page to his dog ‘Moritz†. He talks about the things that he use to do and the true friendship between a man and his best friend. The book it self is no too long but it touches all the aspects of the author’s life. In this book the author gives and insight on how the war was fought and the danger one has to go through to reach his or her victory. In my op... Free Essays on The Red Air Fighter Free Essays on The Red Air Fighter Manfred Von Richthofen a Cavalry Officer in Germany army is the author of the book titled â€Å"The Red Air Fighter†. He was born in Schwednitz in Germany in 1882. He was a fighter pilot on the Western Front in 1916. Richthofen an excellent fighter shot down fifteen aircraft in his days and became commander of this own unit. He also became the most famous war ace in Germany. This book’s information itself is 85 years old but the age does not effect the material informed in the book. This book talks about the author’s life and his victories and how he came about to achieving it. This book is for readers who are interested in learning about the past and how it affected the future. It gives first person views of what life of a famous and infamous ace of World War I was like. The author describes his upbringing his training his exploits in the air, colorful stories in his time off. The layout of the book keeps the reader interested and its usage of vocabulary is for laymen. One should approach this work with a neutral mind and allow the piece to fall where they may. Anyone who can read can have the experiences that author had during his life in the time of the war. This book is straightforward, blunt style of writing allows the pages to flow quickly. The author mainly uses his own life experience to express his view and involvements in the war. He started out from being and observer and worked his way through becoming the commander of his unit. He was one of the best air fighters in Germany. One of the most interesting part of the book in on page 103. He has dedicated a whole page to his dog ‘Moritz†. He talks about the things that he use to do and the true friendship between a man and his best friend. The book it self is no too long but it touches all the aspects of the author’s life. In this book the author gives and insight on how the war was fought and the danger one has to go through to reach his or her victory. In my op...

Business Communication Trends Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business Communication Trends Paper - Essay Example The use of these communications is extremely important in creating strong business relationships between the business, the customer and company employees. Discussion Currently, as an Accounts Payable Manager (APM) for a real estate development company, all of the above communications and concepts are rendered. On a daily basis an APM position is required to act as the go between for the government, the company, and outsourced accountants. These daily tasks are accomplished by maintaining sources of information (i.e. policies and procedures, financial records, company information records, and incorporated accounting files) and later corresponded to expecting recipients. The ability for the APM to communicate effectively and efficiently within the organization is dire. For the most part an APM requires the availability of massive amounts of information to perform job duties. This position also has to be able to transmit information to individuals or parties that need it. Without proper job performance on behalf of the APM, the workplace environment will be deemed inadequate. This issue is derived from the acknowledgement that poor relationships in the workplace account for breakdowns in communication and inability to successfully exchange information within the organization (Smith, p. 1). Based on the ideals of workplace functions and exchanges there are several methods that can be used. An APM utilizes this method when hiring, selecting, training, evaluating, gratifying, and punishing company employees. The position also requires the APM to be readily available to respond to financial concerns for project managers and operations staff. When dealing with individuals on a more personal level in business specific communications are more suitable for utilizing personal interaction. This method is cited as person-to-person or in other words â€Å"involving direct communication or contact between persons or parties â€Å"person-to-person interview†; â€Å"per son-to-person telephone calls†Ã¢â‚¬  (Person-to-person, p. 1). The correspondence in this situation gives the APM the benefit of reading social cues, comprehending the situation, and dissecting dialect. Person-to-person communication is recommended in the case of building positive workplace relationships. According to Margaret Morford, breaking undesirable news face-to-face leaves employees to have â€Å"cultivated their respect for you because they will realize there was an easier way (voice mail or e-mail) that you refused to take,†(p. 1). In this case and equally personal cases like these physical correspondence is socially acceptable and expected. APM job responsibilities and capability to readily use technology as a form of communication is necessary to avoid unfortunate outcomes. Based on effective workplace functions there is much to be respected from the use of technology. Organizations are capable of allocating managerial duties to lower level associates and o utsourcing companies while maintaining the structure of big business with the use of today’s technologies. Using sms/mms, instant message, email, and all other available data transfer equipment (i.e. fax machines, etc.) companies are able to decentralize. More importantly these methods are less costly and present an APM with the ability to efficiently transfer any files or messages that

Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Humanities - Essay Example e, sceptics continuously claim that the flood of Noah in the book of Genesis is a rewritten version of the original myth called the Epic of Gilgamesh written and produced by the Sumerians in a form of a poem. It is imperative to note that, the flood of the epic of Gilgamesh is enclosed on the Tablet XI, which is one of the 212 tablets dated to 650B.C (The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Old Testament, 9). The tablets might not perceptibly be the originals, because the remains of the Gilgamesh flood story have been established on tablets dated to earlier dates such as 2000.B.C. On the other hand, the Genesis story about the flood is not dated, however, the liberal researchers have dated it between 1500-500B.C. some of the similarities that have made liberal scholars believe that the Genesis flood story is founded in the Gilgamesh story include The significance of the names of the heroes does not exhibit any common similarity or linkage. For instance, Noah meant â€Å"rest†, while Utnapishtim meant finder of life. However, both of them were considered righteous and faultless as compared with the rest. On the composition of those who entered the boat, Utnapishtim took a pilot, artisans and his family (The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Old Testament, 10). Equally, it is fascinating to find out that both floods trace to the same place; the Middle East, nonetheless the tow mountains, Ararat and Nisir are 300 miles apart. In addition, the gift or blessing the heroes received after the floods was different. For instance, Noah received the blessing of multiplying and filling the earth and taking charge of all animals, while Utnapishtim was offered eternal life. The account that in both floods a boat existed is an obvious expectation for any danger, there must be a means of escape and the boats served this purpose in both cases. Equally, the construction of the boats was attributed to the knowledge of the coming of danger, which originated from somebody thus the existence of both God

The differences between Eudicots and Monocots plants Coursework

The differences between Eudicots and Monocots plants - Coursework Example The author has rightly presented that every plant has two main systems a root system and a shoot system, a root system consists of roots and branch roots and the shoot system contains stem, branches, and leaves. Roots are responsible for providing the plant with water and other minerals contained in the soil. It also anchors the plants and holds the plant to the ground. The stem has the responsibility to transport water minerals from roots to the leaves and branches and food and oxygen from leaves to other parts. Leaves carry the responsibility of making food for the plants through the process of photosynthesis. The plant can make its food by itself combining carbon-dioxide and sunlight by the process of photosynthesis. The vegetative parts of a plant are root, stem, and leaves but flowers, fruits, and seeds are its reproductive organs. Flowering plants produce seeds of two basic types, monocots, and Eudicots. There are many differences between the Monocots and Eudicots. In monocots, there is only one cotyledon in the seed but in Eudicot plants, the seed has two cotyledons. In monocot plants, the root xylem and phloem are distributed in a ring while in Eudicots root phloem is the xylem. In monocots, the vascular tissues are there on the stem in a scattered form but Eudicots have its vascular tissues distinctly arranged. Leaves veins in monocot plants are formed in a parallel pattern while Eudicots have a leave veins in a net shape.

Upton Sinclair Essay Example for Free

Upton Sinclair Essay Upton Sinclair was born on September 20th 1878, in Baltimore Maryland. His life was spent alternating between politics, writing and in civil rights movements. His first major book was written in 1903 Manassas, but it is The Jungle that would throw him into instant fame and make known his stand in the complications brought forth by capitalism. He was a socialist and tried running for office in 1906, having a go at the congress in New Jersey through the socialist party of America where he lost slightly. His literary works are full of critical writings where he would mirror authoritatively many of the issues affecting the Americans. He was a socialist and was always at clash with conservative politicians who were painting him as a violent communist despite the fact that he had denounced communism. His writings are not only political or social but he also gave a shot at psychic (William J. helm, 1994). His most recorded success in elections was in 1934 when he was nominated to run in office, this time not with the socialist party but with the Democratic Party. He was however to lose as his most conservative people in California could not buy his political ideas. The communists thought of him as a capitalist while the capitalist believed he was a communist and was out to change the state for the worse. An analysis of his accomplishments would reveal that they did not lie in politics but in his advancement of civil rights. His notable achievement however is in the labor movements. His writings and campaigns were strong injection to the labor unions. This shall remain the focus of this paper as it seeks to establish the impact and significance of Upton Sinclair on the American workers and the labor movements. Of particular interest in this paper will be his novel The Jungle and its impact of food legislations. The epitome of Upton Sinclair criticism of the capitalist system in the United States can be captured in The Jungle. It is here that he exposes many of the social evils that were being perpetuated in the society especially against the low-income earners. It exposes many scandals that before had remained hidden from the public’s eyes while at the same time urging for change (Jon Blackwell, n. d). The story is based on an emigrant family that moves to the United States, Chicago, in search of the American dream and prosperity only to be raped by the ruthless capitalist system. The whole family has migrated in to Chicago in the hope of a better life but the unscrupulous employers including corrupt officials gives the family no piece and they start dying one after the other. The working conditions of the stockyards in Chicago are intolerable. The situation is exacerbated by rampant corruption that thrives. For one to get something done, it is a must that an official be bribed in the process. The key character in The Jungle is one Jurgis and it is through him that the woes of the workers are brought to the fore. His family is on the verge of extinction as a string of deaths have caught the family. He is a troubled man and totally devastated by the employers and the farmers who keep turning employees away. This novel is a clear attack of industrialization and the intense mechanization of America. It portrays the fast waning optimism of people especially the workers who have to survive a life of bondage and wage slavery. The spotlight of the jungle is on the hard conditions that workers in the Chicago’s meat factories have to undergo. Workers of all ages including women and children are being exploited. It gives a vivid account of how farmers were being ground after having fallen accidentally in to the processing tanks with the full knowledge of the owners of the factories. The Jungle caused a major row pitting the public, the government and meat processing factories. The cleanliness of the meat was in question. This novel had exposed much of the evils and the malpractices that were being subjected to the workers. Sinclair intent and purpose of the novel was mostly to be centered on the woes of the workers, it was just that the publics attention become focused more on the hygiene of the meat. The Meat Inspection Act for example was passed after this novel had brewed enough uproar. To Sinclair, The Jungle did not just contain empty words, but they had to be followed up by real actions. He sent a copy of the book to the then president, Theodore Roosevelt. His was not on the hygiene of the meat but rather was on the wage slavery now dominant in American factories. The workers were being mistreated and poorly paid. However the authority’s attention was not on the â€Å"wage slavery† but on the meat quality and hygiene. The working conditions of the workers were ignored and instead the investigators focused more on the cleanliness of the processing factories. This would lead to his famous statement later to the effect that his works were intended to strike at the care of the matter and rather not the â€Å"stomach† this indicates the passion through which Sinclair was committed to securing the welfare of the workers to a point that he would confront the powers that were there then. Roosevelt only agreed to respond to the meat factory allegations after immense pressure from the civil societies including Sinclair himself. His efforts to secure the rights of the workers and improve their welfare can be seen in his campaigns for the seat of governor of California. His political ideology was being centered on the workers. His EPIC movement (End Poverty in California) was promising to alleviate the situation of the workers (Deibre Donahue, 2006. ). The Flivver King, a story of Ford America a book by Upton Sinclair in 1937 also roused and sensitized the workers on the woes facing them in their workplaces. It traces the origin of the Ford Motor Company and how after it was established it was treating its employees well as it only employed qualified workers, its focus in on the scientific management of the Ford Motor Company factories. After sometimes, the Ford Company took to breaking down the labor and introduced specialization meaning that even the low skilled workers could do the job with low pay (http://www. amazon. com/flivver-king-story-ford-america/dp/0882860542). This book traces how the Ford Company has over time phased out the skilled labor and in its place with the low skilled people and exploiting them. The workers in the Ford Company would wish to start a union but there were set backs as Ford’s â€Å"spies† are working to undermine their efforts each time they try to congregate. It explores how Ford was transformed in to selfishness by maintaining the same small pay but continuing to wreak billions. This book was of great significance as it led to great inspirations to the workers and also led to the formation of the United Autoworkers Union. It would result to a wave of workers movements and unionization that hit the big companies in the 1940s. It indicates the harsh realities that the workers had to contend with as they tried to form unions that would collectively agitate for their rights (Philip S. Foner, 1964). Upton Sinclair works are popular not for their qualities as novels but for their social impact. He is able to capture workers conditions and the low pay that characterized their remuneration. In the jungle he gives the heartrending details of stories of the workers who fell in to the vats and not being retrieved in time, they would die in there with no efforts by the factory owners to retrieve the bodies. These books went a great deal in inspiring the formation a workers union. By focusing at the problems facing the laborers, they were able to bring them together under a communality of purpose. The situation as it was in the factories for example in the, Ford Company, was that the owners were not taking any efforts to coalesce the workers interests lightly. The confrontations between the two would sometimes turn bloody. Unlike the communists who were expecting to push the ideas of the workers suffering down their throats, Sinclair takes a far much smoother approach through a well-researched story. The inspiration of Sinclair’s works upon the foundation of the workers union in America cannot be underscored. They made a great deal in presenting the reality in the factories. The United Workers Union is one such labor movement alongside others that were directly inspired by the novel on the Ford Company. Reference William J. helm, 1994. Upton Sinclair: overview. In reference guide to American literature 3rd ed. Edited by Kamp. St James press. Amazon Com, 1996. The Flivver King: A story of Ford –America. Retrieved on http://www. amazon.com/flivver-king-story-ford-america/dp/0882860542 Jon Blackwell. 1906: rumble over ‘The Jungle’ retrieved on 24/11/07 from http://www. capitalcentury. com/1906. html Jacob powers. Upton Sinclair, the flivver king. Retrieved on 24/11/07 from://upinmichagan. org/ver-sinclair. html Deibre Donahue, 06/23/2006. ‘Radical’ Life, times of Upton Sinclair USA TODAY. Retrieved on 24/11/07 from http://www. usatoday. com/ife/books/eviews/2006-06-21-radical-innocent-x. htm Philip S. Foner, 1964. History of the labor movement in the United States. International publishers co.